Comma Kazi Lesson 5

Section 5.1 (25 pts.)
For these fifteen sentences, place commas where they are required. Be sure to delete any unnecessary commas. Write “correct” if no commas are needed. Then state why/ which rules you are using to do so. You may need to add more than one comma to a sentence and state more than one rule.

1. “If I only had a moment to myself, I could think,” said Mandy.
In attribution/Quotations rule #9: comma inside quotation marks
Introductory clause rule #6:  a phrase or clause at the beginning of a sentence that introduces the main clause.

2.  The smart kind boy helped his teacher erase the blackboard, and then he went outside to play.

Adjective Rule #7: linked adj.

Compound sentence rule #1: When Independent clauses are connected by conjunctions, (but, and, yet, for, so, nor, neither) a comma comes before the conjunction.


3. Mark, come to the front of the class, and give your oral presentation please.

Direct Address Rule #10: all forms of direct address are surrounded by commas.
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Compound sentence rule #1: When Independent clauses are connected by conjunctions, (but, and, yet, for, so, nor, neither) a comma comes before the conjunction.

4. The young boy, that was ready to speak, walked up to the podium.

Non-essential/Non-restrictive Rule #4: Non-essential/Non-restrictive clause or phrase: A clause or phrase that adds description but is not critical to the meaning of a sentence.

5. Martin, my favorite server, was on duty, but there were no tables available in his section.

Appositives rule #17: restrictive/non-essential
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Compound sentence rule #1: When Independent clauses are connected by conjunctions, (but, and, yet, for, so, nor, neither) a comma comes before the conjunction.

6. Kerry, 55, Chicago, just signed a book deal.

Information Rule #16: Hometowns and Ages: A name and hometown is set off by commas when the hometown is used right after the name. Age is also surrounded by commas.
A person’s age is also surrounded by commas

7. He cleaned up the mess wiped the table and swept the floor so that the kitchen would be ready for company.

Subject verb rule #8: never separate the subject and verb with a comma
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Essential/Restrictive rule #3:  A dependent clause that is introduced by a relative pronoun, that. It tells where the mess is located. There is no comma before or after an essential phrase or clause.

8. Because he is shy, Edward, usually, likes to eat his lunch alone.

Sentence Adverb rule #12:  When an adverb modifies the entire sentence, it is set off by commas (the word usually). This type of adverb is usually considered a bit dull and should be avoided when possible.
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Non-essential/Non-restrictive rule #4:  Because he is shy, is not critical to the meaning of the sentence.


9. Well, I like to dance and sing for my hobbies.

Interjections Rule #11: Well interrupts the flow and thought of the sentence

10. After she had a busy day Mary was ready for dinner.

Correct
Commentaries Suggestion rule #21: Skip the comma If the word doesn’t seem to interrupt the flow or thought.
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Shared subject Suggestion rule #23: busy and ready share the subject of she/Mary and never uses a comma even if the subject is repeated as in this case.

11. Speaking loudly was how he irritated us all.

Adverbs suggestion rule #24: Adverbs do not always need a comma. You may leave them out when you feel it is okay: usually in shorter sentences and when it doesn’t interrupt the flow too much.


12. “Perhaps, I can get you a new drink,” she said, quickly, as she stood.

Interjections Rule #11:  No matter how mild, interjections and expressions that disturb the flow of the sentence require commas.
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In attribution/Quotations Rule #9
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Sentence Adverb Rule: When an adverb modifies the entire sentence, it is set off by commas.

13. In the morning she always exercised and ate and showered.

Short series suggestion rule #22

14. When you get tired of running it is always nice to slow to stop, but don’t forget to slow to a walk for a few moments first.

Compound sentence rule #1: When Independent clauses are connected by conjunctions, (but, and, yet, for, so, nor, neither) a comma comes before the conjunction.

15. Mayor, Winslow helped the kind old man who was crossing the street.

Appositives Rule #17: restrictive/essential
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Essential/restrictive Rule #3 no comma after man Relative clause: A dependent clause that is introduced by a relative pronoun (which, that, who, etc.)

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Adj. rule #7:  linked adj.


{c: blue}Section 5.2 Writing Exercise: (50 pts.)
Write one sentence for every rule. Please note after each sentence which rule you used. You should have 25 sentences. (Note I wrote the rule then the sentence. I hope that is okay.)